Promoting Inclusive Recruitment: a Qualitative Study of Black Adults’ Decision to Participate in Genetic Research

Underrepresentation of Black individuals in genetic research is a longstanding issue. There are well-documented strategies to improve the enrollment of Black participants; however, few studies explore these strategies—as well as the barriers and facilitators for participation—by sampling Black people who have previously participated in genetic research. This study explores the decision-making process of Black adults who have participated in genetic research to identify best practices in the recruitment of Black subjects in genetic research. We conducted 18 semi-structured interviews with Black adults with prior research participation in genetic studies housed at an urban academic medical center in the United States of America (USA). An online survey was conducted with the participants to gather demographic data and information on prior research participation. Trust in research was ascertained with the Corbie-Smith Distrust in Clinical Research Index. Two participants scored high levels of distrust using the validated index. Using thematic content analysis, 4 themes emerged from the interviews: (1) Participants are active players in health system, (2) information is power, and transparency is key, (3) therapeutic alliances and study characteristics facilitate participation, and (4) race pervades the research process. The decision to participate in genetic research for the participants in our study was prompted by participants’ internal motivations and facilitated by trust in their doctor, trust in the institution, and ease of participation. Most participants viewed their enrollment in genetic research in the context of their own racial identity and the history of medical racism in the USA.     

老年住院患者社会衰弱与生理衰弱的相关性

目的 采用横断面研究分析≥60岁住院患者的社会衰弱情况,并探讨其与躯体功能的关系.方法 选取首都医科大学宣武医院老年医学综合科≥60岁的住院患者258例,应用社会衰弱量表(HALFT)评估社会衰弱情况,将评分≥3分患者纳入社会衰弱组,其中1～2分患者纳入社会衰弱前期组,0分患者纳入无社会衰弱组,分析社会衰弱的患病情况及...     

五大商药之连翘△

连翘为蔓生落叶灌木,几乎可以生长在任何质量的土壤里。为中医常用的清热解毒药,具有广谱的抗菌、抗内毒素、抗炎等药理作用。作为"五大商药",经过调研选择优势连翘种群,扩大繁殖,保证连翘药材产量与品质,对改善商洛经济结构,保证农民收入,稳定连翘优质药材规范化种植基地,提高商洛中国西部药都具有极为重要的作用。     

Testing strategies for embryo-fetal toxicity of human pharmaceuticals. Animal models vs. in vitro approaches : A workshop report

Reproductive toxicity testing is characterized by high animal use. For registration of pharmaceutical compounds, developmental toxicity studies are usually conducted in both rat and rabbits. Efforts have been underway for a long time to design alternatives to animal use. Implementation has lagged, partly because of uncertainties about the applicability domain of the alternatives.     

冠心病中医证型的研究进展

本研究通过对近年来中医药对冠心病的诊疗现况与研究进展类文献资料的阅读与整理,综述目前冠心病在中医辨证证型分类与辨证论治方面的研究进展。文中分别就冠心病的辨证标准、辨证方法与内容的演变及在中医辨证分型下冠心病临床治疗与复方研究进展现况进行概述,并根据目前的临床与研究情况提出证候分类的规范化、中医药疗效评价体系的客观化、证候生物学基础的深入化需进一步研究。     

修正酸碱失衡预计代偿公式的初步研究

目的编制更为合理的单纯性酸碱失衡预计代偿范围计算公式。方法采纳Hamm公式的最大代偿系数及周寿生公式的代偿范围,编制成修正代偿公式。结果修正酸碱失衡预计代偿公式（修正公式）有A、B两种表达式,其最后计算结果完全一致,A表达式：代谢性酸中毒：PaCO2=40-1.4×△[HCO3-]↓＋（0-5）;代谢性碱中毒：PaCO2=40＋0.9×△[HCO3-]↑-（0-5）;急性呼吸性酸中毒：[HCO3-]=24＋0.175×△PaCO2↑-（0-3）;慢性呼吸性酸中毒：[HCO3-]=24＋0.55×△PaCO2↑-（0-3）;急性呼吸性碱中毒：[HCO3-]=24-0.25×△PaCO2↓＋（0-3）;慢性呼吸性碱中毒：[HCO3-]=24-0.5×△PaCO2↓＋（0-3）。B表达式与周寿生公式形式类似（略）。结论修正公式推理成立,无过度代偿,可减少双重性失衡的误判或漏判,且应用方便。     

英国伦理委员会的现状与分析

伦理委员会的主要职责是保护药物临床试验受试者的权益、安全和健康.现对英国伦理委员会的法律、法规、申请及审评程序等进行归纳分析,旨在对规范我国伦理委员会的运作具有参考借鉴作用.     

基于中西医临床病证特点的系统性红斑狼疮动物模型研究评述

基于系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）的中西医临床病证特点,参考国内外SLE动物模型研究文献,依据临床诊断标准,对现有模型的临床符合度进行评价,经对比分析发现,自发小鼠模型中的MRL/lpr小鼠模型与诱导模型中的姥鲛烷诱导模型中西医临床病证吻合度最高。但目前SLE动物模型多按照西医病因特点建模,缺乏中医病证结合模型,中医符合度低,因此在现有研究基础上增加中医干扰因素,彰显中医辨证优势,加强SLE中医辨证相关研究是今后努力的方向。